They have also been used: to test nanofiber filtration efficiencyin the preparation of bilayer tissue-simulating phantoms, which are artificial materials used in biomedical optical instrumentationto copolymerize collagen coated stiff polyacrylamide gels to seed cancer cells for traction force microscopy
Amine-modified polystyrene latex beads (fluorescent orange) have been used to develop an electrochemical nitrite nanosensor as well as to validate a pharyngeal aspiration technique for exposing the mouse lung to respirable particles.