Application
Immunocytochemistry comparison and inhibitor analysis:
Similar to Figure 1 in the datasheet, HeLa cells were plated in a chamber slide and transduced with lentiviral particles at an MOI of 20 for 24 hours. After media replacement and 48 hours further incubation, cells were either untreated, incubated for 2 hours in complete media containing 2 µM cytochalasin-D, or incubated for 2 hours in complete media containing 200nM jasplakinolide to induce actin depolymerization. Immunocytochemical staining (green) of the same fields of view with FIITC-conjugated Phalloidin reveals similar expression patterns to the RFP-protein (red).
Hard-to-transfect Cell Types:
Primary cell types HUVEC or HuMSC were plated in chamber slides and transduced with lentiviral particles at an MOI of 40 for 24 hours.
Confocal Microscopy Imaging: HeLa and HT-1080 cells were treated as in Figures 2A and 2B in the datasheet. Images were obtained by oil immersion confocal fluorescence microscopy.
For optimal fluorescent visualization, it is recommended to analyze the target expression level within 24-48 hrs after transfection/infection for optimal live cell analysis, as fluorescent intensity may dim over time, especially in difficult-to-transfect cell lines. Infected cells may be frozen down after successful transfection/infection and thawed in culture to retain positive fluorescent expression beyond 24-48 hrs. Length and intensity of fluorescent expression varies between cell lines. Higher MOIs may be required for difficult-to-transfect cell lines.
Components
TagRFP-β-actin Lentivirus:
One vial containing 25 µL of lentiviral particles at a minimum of 3 x 10E8 infectious units (IFU) per mL. For lot-specific titer information, please see “Viral Titer” in the product specifications above.
Promoter
EF-1 (Elongation Factor-1)
Multiplicty of Infection (MOI)
MOI = Ratio of # of infectious lentiviral particles (IFU) to # of cells being infected.
Typical MOI values for high transduction efficiency and signal intensity are in the range of 20-40. For this target, some cell types may require lower MOIs (e.g., HT-1080, U2OS), while others may require higher MOIs (e.g., human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), human mesenchymal stem cells (HuMSC), HeLa).
NOTE: MOI should be titrated and optimized by the end user for each cell type and lentiviral target to achieve desired transduction efficiency and signal intensity.
General description
Actin is a highly abundant globular protein found in the cytosol of all eukaryotic cells that assembles in a head-to-tail arrangement to form double helical, polarized microfilaments. Actin microfilaments constitute one of the 3 major cytoskeletal structures, and they participate in many important cellular processes including muscle contraction, cell motility, cytokinesis, vesicle and organelle movement, cell signaling, the establishment and maintenance of cell junctions and cell shape. In vertebrates, three main groups of actin isoforms, alpha, beta, and gamma, have been identified; in most cell types, β–actin is the primary component of the cytoskeleton