DIF-3 has been used: as a glycogen synthase kinase-3? (GSK-3?) activator to determine if GSK-3? is required for the anti-inflammatory actions of VU0360172 (VuPAM) in murine microglia, as a phosphorylation inhibitor for GSK-3? to examine the links between activation of protein kinase B (PKB)/GSK-3?/Fyn axis and nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (NRF2) retention, as a GSK3? activator to study its effects on the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) expression levels in human primary chondrocytes in response to visfatin, as a GSK3? activator to study its effects on the intracellular mechanics along with F-actin and ?-tubulin fiber networks in human primary chondrocytes
Biochem/physiol Actions
Differentiation-inducing factor-3 (DIF-3) prevents the proliferationof intestinal cancer cells invitroandinvivo. It may serve as a novelanti-cancer agent.
DIF-3 Inhibits cell cycle by inducing G0/G1 arrest.
General description
Differentiation-inducing factor-3 (DIF-3) is a monochlorinated metabolite of differentiation-inducing factor-1 (DIF-1), that belongs to the differentiation-inducing factor (DIF) family.